Mad Of Electronics

Here u can find some useful tips and links related to troubleshooting electronic appliances

Setupdd.sys Could Not Be Loaded Error Code 4

Posted by rajascientist Tuesday, December 29, 2009 0 comments



               Recently  my  friend had a problem with his system. The complaint was with the power supply , when turned there is no response in CPU  .  I removed the  SMPS  and after inspecting for a while , we found that the problem  was with SMPS  and  we decided to  buy new one instead  of repairing  it.


               After connecting the  new SMPS  I switched on the computer but we found abnormal signs in monitor display , it  flicked ,also  many  dots  and vertical line were seen in the display. Ignoring that we proceeded  but unable to boot  in all modes  including safe mode.


            
               We once again checked for all connections  and  again restarted the system but there was  no use.
So  we  decided to  install new XP  but that too ended in vain.  While booting from cd we had the following  error  Setupdd.sys  Could  Not  Be  Loaded  Error  Code 4    , we found out that the problem was with RAM  and  I removed it and cleaned it after inserting ,same problem occured, so  we replaced it with new RAM now system works fine.

INDIA ,SRILANKA,BANGLADESH TRI-SERIES

Posted by rajascientist Monday, December 28, 2009 0 comments

                                                                            Tri-series  

 India Playing  Matches  Live on DD National


Date
Match Venue Time(IST)
Mon Jan 4 1st Match – Bangladesh v Sri Lanka
Shere Bangla National Stadium, Mirpur 14:00 IST
Tue Jan 5 2nd ODI – India Vs Sri Lanka (D/N)
Shere Bangla National Stadium, Mirpur 14:00 IST
Thu Jan 7 3rd Match – Bangladesh v India
Shere Bangla National Stadium, Mirpur 14:00 IST
Fri Jan 8 4th Match – Bangladesh v Sri Lanka
Shere Bangla National Stadium, Mirpur 14:00 IST
Sun Jan 10 5th Match – India v Sri Lanka
Shere Bangla National Stadium, Mirpur 14:00 IST
Mon Jan 11 6th Match – Bangladesh v India
Shere Bangla National Stadium, Mirpur 14:00 IST
Wed Jan 13 Final – TBC v TBC
Shere Bangla National Stadium, Mirpur 14:00 IST
                                       

                                                                      Test Match Schedule

Date
Time
Match
Detail

Sun Jan 17 2010

03:30 GMT 10:30 Local

Bangladesh v India

Chittagong (ZACS), 1st Test day 1

Mon Jan 18 2010

03:30 GMT 10:30 Local

Bangladesh v India

Chittagong (ZACS), 1st Test day 2

Tue Jan 19 2010

03:30 GMT 10:30 Local

Bangladesh v India

Chittagong (ZACS), 1st Test day 3

Wed Jan 20 2010

03:30 GMT 10:30 Local

Bangladesh v India

Chittagong (ZACS), 1st Test day 4

Thu Jan 21 2010

03:30 GMT 10:30 Local

Bangladesh v India

Chittagong (ZACS), 1st Test day 5

Sun Jan 24 2010

03:30 GMT 10:30 Local

Bangladesh v India

Dhaka (SBNS), 2nd Test day 1

Mon Jan 25 2010

03:30 GMT 10:30 Local

Bangladesh v India

Dhaka (SBNS), 2nd Test day 2

Tue Jan 26 2010

03:30 GMT 10:30 Local

Bangladesh v India

Dhaka (SBNS), 2nd Test day 3

Wed Jan 27 2010

03:30 GMT 10:30 Local

Bangladesh v India

Dhaka (SBNS), 2nd Test day 4

Thu Jan 28 2010

03:30 GMT 10:30 Local

Bangladesh v India

Dhaka (SBNS), 2nd Test day 5

India vs Sri lanka

Live on DD National.


Date
Indian Time
Teams
Match
Venue
December 9

India vs Sri lanka
1st Twenty/20
Nagpur
December 12

India vs Sri lanka
2nd Twenty/20
Chandigarh
December 14
09:30 AM
India vs Sri lanka
1st ODI
Rajkot
December 18
2:30 PM
India vs Sri lanka
2nd ODI
Visakhapatnam
December 21
2:30 PM
India vs Sri lanka
3rd ODI
Cuttack
December 24
2:30 PM
India vs Sri lanka
4th ODI
Kolkata
December 27
9:30 AM
India vs Sri lanka
5th ODI
Delhi

Collection Of Leave Letters

Posted by rajascientist 0 comments

LEAVE LETTERS


This is a collection of leave letters and applications written by people in various places of India ...

1. Infosys, Bangalore : An employee applied for leave as follows:
Since I have to go to my village to sell my land along with my wife, please sanction me one-week leave.

2. This is from Oracle Bangalore:
From an employee who was performing the "mundan" ceremony of his 10 year old son: "as I want to shave my son's head, please leave me for two days...."

3. Another gem from CDAC. Leave-letter from an employee who was performing his daughter's wedding:
"as I am marrying my daughter, please grant a week's leave.."

4. From H.A..L. Administration dept:
"As my mother-in-law has expired and I am only one responsible for it, please grant me 10 days leave."

5. Another employee applied for half day leave as follows:
"Since I've to go to the cremation ground at 10 o-clock and I may not return, please grant me half day casual leave"

6. An incident of a leave letter
"I am suffering from fever, please declare one day holiday."

7. A leave letter to the headmaster:
"As I am studying in this school I am suffering from headache. I request you to leave me today"

8. Another leave letter written to the headmaster:
"As my headache is paining, please grant me leave for the day."

9. Covering note: "I am enclosed herewith..."

10. Another one:
"Dear Sir: with reference to the above, please refer to my below..."

11. Actual letter written for application of leave:
"My wife is suffering from sickness and as I am her only husband at home I may be granted leave".

12. Letter writing: -
"I am in well here and hope you are also in the same well."

13. A candidate's job application:
"This has reference to your advertisement calling for a ' Typist and an Accountant - Male or Female'...As I am both(!! )for the past several years and I can handle both with good experience, I am applying for the
post.

Things Not Known To Us --- 1

Posted by rajascientist 0 comments


There are some things we all didn't kn O w......am I right??

1. Coca-Cola was originally green.
2. The most common name in the world is Mohammed.
3.The name of all the continents end with the same letter that they start with.
4. The strongest muscle in the body is the tongue.
5. There are two credit cards for every person in the United States.
6. TYPEWRITER is the longest word that can be made using the letters only on one row of the keyboard.
7. Women blink nearly twice as much as men!
8. You can't kill yourself by holding your breath.
9. It is impossible to lick your elbow.
10. People say "Bless you" when you sneeze because when you sneeze, your heart stops for a millisecond.
11. It is physically impossible for pigs to look up into the sky.
12. The "sixth sick sheik's sixth sheep's sick" is said to be the toughest tongue twister in the English language.
13. If you sneeze too hard, you can fracture a rib. If you try to suppress a sneeze, you can rupture a blood vessel in your head or neck and die.
14. Each king in a deck of playing cards represents great king from history.
Spades - King David
Clubs - Alexander the Great,
Hearts - Charlemagne
Diamonds - Julius Caesar.
15. 111,111,111 x 111,111,111 = 12,345,678,987,654,321
16. If a statue of a person in the park on a horse has both front legs in the air, the person died in battle.

If the horse has one front leg in the air,the person died as a result of wounds received in battle.

If the horse has a all four legs on the ground, the person died of natural causes.
17. What do bullet proof vests, fire escapes, windshield wipers and laser printers all have in common?
Ans. - All invented by women.
18. Question - This is the only food that doesn't spoil. What is this?
Ans. - Honey


Things Not Known To Us --- 2

Posted by rajascientist 0 comments


There are some things  we   do not kn O w......am I right??


19. A crocodile cannot stick its tongue out.
20. A snail can sleep for three years.
21. All polar bears are left handed.
22. American Airlines saved $40,000 in 1987 by eliminating one olive from each salad served in first-class.
23. Butterflies taste with their feet.
24. Elephants are the only animals that can't jump.
25. In the last 4000 years, no new animals have been domesticated.
26. On average, people fear spiders more than they do death.
27. Shakespeare invented the word 'assassination' and 'bump'.
28. Stewardesses is the longest word typed with only the left hand.
29. The ant always falls over on its right side when intoxicated.
30. The electric chair was invented by a dentist.
31. The human heart creates enough pressure when it pumps out to the body to squirt blood 30 feet.
32. Rats multiply so quickly that in 18 months, two rats could have over million descendants.
33. Wearing headphones for just an hour will increase the bacteria in your ear by 700 times.
34. The cigarette lighter was invented before the match.
35. Most lipstick contains fish scales.
36. Like fingerprints, everyone's tongue print is different

                          

                 On Friday, 2010 January 15, an annular eclipse of the Sun is visible from within a 300-km-wide track that traverses half of Earth. The path of the Moon's antumbral shadow begins in Africa and passes through Chad, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Uganda, Kenya, and Somalia. After leaving Africa, the path crosses the Indian Ocean where the maximum duration of annularity reaches 11 min 08s.



                    The central path then continues into Asia through Bangladesh, India, Burma (Myanmar), and China. A partial eclipse is seen within the much broader path of the Moon's penumbral shadow, which includes eastern Europe, most of Africa, Asia, and Indonesia.

for more info:

          
               NASA has launched a rare campaign to dispel widespread rumours fuelled by a new Hollywood movie that the world is coming to an end in 2012.

             The latest big screen offering from Sony Picture, "2012," arrives in theaters on Friday, with a 200-million-dollar production about the end of the world supposedly based on myths backed by the Mayan calendar.
  
               The doomsday scenario revolves around claims that the end of time will come as an obscure Planet X -- or Nibiru -- heads toward or collides with Earth.
  
The mysterious planet was supposedly discovered by the Sumerians, according to claims by pseudo-scientists, paranormal activity enthusiasts and Internet theorists.
  
Some websites accuse NASA of concealing the truth on the wayward planet's existence, but the US space agency denounced such stories as an "Internet hoax."
  
"There is no factual basis for these claims," NASA said in a question-and-answer posting on its website.
  
If such a collision were real "astronomers would have been tracking it for at least the past decade, and it would be visible by now to the naked eye," it added. "Obviously, it does not exist."
  
"Credible scientists worldwide know of no threat associated with 2012," it insisted.
  
After all, "our planet has been getting along just fine for more than four billion years," added NASA.
  
There is another planet, Eris, floating in space. But the dwarf planet similar to Pluto will remain safely lodged in the outer solar system and it can come no closer than four billion miles (6.4 billion kilometers) to Earth, according to NASA.
  
Scores of Internet postings and books delve into the supposed disaster, including "Apocalypse 2012" and "How to Survive 2012."
  
Initial theories set the disaster for May 2003, but when nothing happened the date was moved forward to the winter solstice in 2012 to coincide with the end of a cycle of the ancient Mayan calendar.
  
NASA insisted the Mayan calendar in fact does not end on December 21, 2012, as another period begins immediately afterward. And it said there are no planetary alignments on the horizon for the next few decades.
  
And even if the planets were to line up as some have forecast, the effect on our planet would be "negligible," NASA said.
  
Among the other theories NASA has set out to debunk are that geomagnetic storms, a pole reversal or unsteadiness in the Earth's crustal plates might befall the planet.
  
For example, some myths claim the Earth's rotation and magnetic polarity are related, with a magnetic reversal taking place about every 400,000 years.
  
"As far as we know, such a magnetic reversal doesn't cause any harm to life on Earth," and a reversal in Earth's rotation is "impossible," NASA reassured, adding that a magnetic reversal is "very unlikely" to occur in the next few millenia.
  
And while comets and asteroids have always hit the Earth, "big hits are very rare," NASA noted. The last major impact was believed to be 65 million years ago, spurring the end of dinosaurs.
  
"We have already determined that there are no threatening asteroids as large as the one that killed the dinosaurs," the space agency said.

                  

     After Chandrayaan-1's discovery of water molecules on the Moon comes another astronomy breakthrough for India. An international grouplead by Sudip Bhattacharyya, a 36-year-old space scientist at Mumbai's Tata Institute of Fundamental research, has discovered a way to measure the size of neutron stars.

                        Before we go any further, what is a neutron star? Speaking to TOI on Monday, Bhattacharyya explained: "To put it simply, it is the final stage of a very massive star. When the massive star burns up its fuel, it collapses to become a neutron star," he said, adding that there are between 100 million and 1,000 million neutron stars in the galaxy.





                  
  On average, a neutron star is very small — approximately 10km in diameter — and 10,000 light years from Earth, thus making it extremely difficult to study and measure. Bhattacharyya and his team's research revealed the unsuspected property of X-ray bursts given off by the stars, which led to the discovery that the pattern of X-rays generated might reveal their true size.

                    "Since these X-rays cannot reach the Earth because of a blanket created by the atmosphere, data was collected of more than 900 bursts from 43 neutron stars through a Nasa satellite and transmitted to us," Bhattacharyya said.

                     The scientist and his colleagues — Coleman Miller of the University of Maryland and Galloway Monash of the University of Australia — modelled how the temperature of the bursts changed as they faded and found it varied in relation to the radius of the star. The team's research has been accepted for publication in the journal Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society.

Space based Solar Power

Posted by rajascientist 0 comments

Space-based solar power (SBSP) (or historically space solar power (SSP)) is a system for the collection of solar power in space, for use on Earth. SBSP differs from the usual method of solar power collection in that the solar panels used to collect the energy would reside on a satellite in orbit, often referred to as a solar power satellite (SPS), rather than on Earth's surface. In space, collection of the Sun's energy is unaffected by the day/night cycle, weather, seasons, or the filtering effect of Earth's atmospheric gases.


Average solar power per unit area outside Earth's atmosphere during any given time period is about 136%[citation needed] that available on Earth's surface during direct sunlight (1336 W/m2). A major interest in SBSP stems from the length of time the solar collection panels can be exposed to a consistently high amount of solar radiation. For most of the year, a satellite-based solar panel can collect power 24 hours per day, whereas a land-based station can collect for only 12 hours per day, yielding lower power collection rates around the sunrise and sunset hours.



The collection of solar energy in space for use on Earth introduces the new problem of transmitting energy from the collection point, in space, to the place where the energy would be used, on Earth's surface. Since wires extending from Earth's surface to an orbiting satellite would be impractical, many SBSP designs have proposed the use of microwave beams for wireless power transmission. The collecting satellite would convert solar energy into electrical energy, which would then be used to power a microwave emitter directed at a collector on the Earth's surface. Dynamic solar thermal power systems are also being investigated.

JUPITER'S TEMPORARY MOON

Posted by rajascientist 0 comments

 Jupiter's Temporary Moon For 12 Years:


Jupiter snared a passing comet in the middle of the last century, eventually releasing it 12 years later, astronomers reported on Monday.


Data presented at the European Planetary Science Congress in Potsdam, near Berlin, showed that the biggest planet of the Solar System gained a temporary satellite, a comet called 147P/Kushida-Muramatsu, between 1949 and 1961.



It is only the fifth captured comet to be identified, a press release said.

Comets are lonely wanderers of the Solar System, sometimes taking decades or even centuries to complete a long orbit around the Sun.

On rare occasions, though, these enigmatic bodies of ice and dust can wander into the vicinity of a planet, where they are netted by its gravitational pull.

Sometimes, the comet breaks up and smashes into the planet, as was famously the case with Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9, whose fragments smashed into Jupiter in 1994.

Most of the observed temporary captures have been flybys, in which a comet does not complete a full orbit before wresting itself free.

Kushida-Muramatsu, though, completed two full revolutions of Jupiter, following an irregular orbit, before it gained its freedom, according to calculations led Katsuhito Ohtsuka of the Tokyo Meteor Network.

"The results of our study suggests that impacts on Jupiter and temporary satellite capture events may happen more frequently than we previously expected," said David Asher of Northern Ireland's Armagh Observatory, who presented the data in Potsdam.

The study has a bearing for understanding the risk of a cometary impact on Earth, an event that would wreak catastrophic damage. A colliding asteroid or comet is believed to have ended the long reign of the dinosaurs some 65 million years ago.

Jupiter is often seen as a "goalkeeper" that takes hits from comets that could possibly endanger Earth.
But it can deflect passing comets, too, altering their track around the Sun.

Thus understanding how this process works will help astronomers trying to evaluate the risk to Earth from rogue rocks.
Comet Kushida-Muramatsu appears to have avoided the fate of Shoemaker-Levy 9 "for the foreseeable future," said Levy.


South Korea's First Satellite Missing After Launch:



SEOUL -- A satellite launched by South Korea's first space rocket is thought to have burnt up in the Earth's atmosphere after missing its designated orbit, officials said Wednesday.


Seoul vowed to press on with its drive to become a space technology leader despite Tuesday's setback, caused by the defective operation of a fairing covering the satellite.

The science and technology ministry said one of the two aerodynamic fairings covering the rocket's tip failed to fall away, after opening in preparation for the satellite's release.
Because of the fairing's weight the second stage of the rocket could not achieve enough thrust to place the satellite in orbit. Its speed fell to 6.2 kilometres per second instead of an optimum eight kilometres per second.

Deputy science minister Kim Jung-Hyun said the extra weight also caused the rocket to steer upwards and the satellite to be released at a higher altitude than planned.
The satellite reached an altitude of 387 kilometres (242 miles).
"After reaching this height, it fell to Earth and was probably destroyed as it re-entered the atmosphere," Kim said.
South Korea had invested more than 500 billion won (400 million dollars) and much national pride in the satellite and the 33-metre (108-foot) rocket.
The first stage was built in collaboration with Russia's Khrunichev space centre. The second stage, including the defective fairings, was constructed by local engineers who also built the 100-kilogram (220-pound) research satellite.
"South Korea was in charge of the separation of fairings while Russia was in charge of overall technical assistance. Therefore the two countries share the responsibility," Kim told reporters.
"Further discussions (with Russia) will be held on this point."
The launch had been delayed seven times since 2005, most notably last week when the countdown was stopped eight minutes before blastoff.
"We can say it was half successful, though the satellite failed to enter orbit," President Lee Myung-Bak told a cabinet meeting Tuesday evening, Lee was quoted by his spokesman as saying.
"We must realise our dream of becoming a leading country in space technology, even if it takes an eighth attempt after seven failures or a ninth attempt after eight failures."
Korea Aerospace Research Institute expert Chae Yeon-Seok was more upbeat.
"Despite the glitch, this was a success as all main systems including the two brand-new first and second-stage rockets operated normally," Chae told AFP.
North Korea, smarting at the UN Security Council's censure of its own April 5 rocket launch, had vowed to closely monitor reaction to its neighbour's launch from Goheung on the south coast.
Washington and its allies said the launch by the nuclear-armed North was a disguised test of a long-range missile. South Korea limits its own missiles to a 300 kilometre range under an accord with its ally the United States.
US State Department spokesman Ian Kelly said Tuesday the South's space programme had been developed "in a responsible manner".
The nation has previously sent 10 satellites into space using launch vehicles from other countries.
In November 2007 it announced an ambitious plan to launch a lunar orbiter by 2020 and to send a probe to the Moon five years after that.
South Korea unveiled the lunar project one month after China launched its first lunar orbiter and two months after Japan did the same.
In April last year Seoul sent its first astronaut into space aboard a Russian Soyuz rocket.

Global Warming Vs Earth's Tilt

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Warming oceans could cause Earth's axis to tilt in the coming century, a new study suggests. The effect was previously thought to be negligible, but researchers now say the shift will be large enough that it should be taken into account when interpreting how the Earth wobbles.
The Earth spins on an axis that is tilted some 23.5° from the vertical. But this position is far from constant – the planet's axis is constantly shifting in response to changes in the distribution of mass around the Earth. "The Earth is like a spinning top, and if you put more mass on one side or other, the axis of rotation is going to shift slightly," says Felix Landerer of NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California.

The changing climate has long been known to move Earth's axis. The planet's north pole, for example, is migrating along 79 °W – a line of longitude that runs through Toronto and Panama City – at a rate of about 10 centimetres each year as the Earth rebounds from ice sheets that once weighed down large swaths of North America, Europe, and Asia.
The influx of fresh water from shrinking ice sheets also causes the planet to pitch over. Landerer and colleagues estimate that the melting of Greenland's ice is already causing Earth's axis to tilt at an annual rate of about 2.6 centimetres – and that rate may increase significantly in the coming years.
Now, they calculate that oceans warmed by the rise in greenhouse gases can also cause the Earth to tilt – a conclusion that runs counter to older models, which suggested that ocean expansion would not create a large shift in the distribution of the Earth's mass.

FM CUM STEREO CASSETTE PLAYER

Posted by rajascientist Sunday, December 13, 2009 0 comments

              

                 I am back to share some tips and experience of mine with  you all. I came across a FM STEREO CASSETTE PLAYER  , the complaint was over heating  and no response. Power supply was good .

                 It was a bit old model it has both FM and cassette player , i opened the case and closely examined . Soon  I felt the heat all over the case.I touched each and every part and when I just touched the heat sink of amplifier IC  my God it almost burnt my finger .




                It was extremely hot , switching off the power supply i checked the pcb for any fault immediately i found direct short circuit  between positive and negative .I checked for diode ,resistors and finally transistors all are working fine  but still my multimeter shows 0 ohms between + and -.



               The only part left was amp IC  CD6283CS , at last i found it , it was the faulty IC which created the problem it was shorted . I removed the IC and checked it yes it was gone.I replaced it with new one now the set works fine .

ELECTRONIC MOSQUITO REPELLENT

Posted by rajascientist Friday, December 11, 2009 0 comments

                         Electronic mosquito repellents — buzzing devices marketed to prevent malaria — don’t prevent bites and therefore don’t prevent disease transmission, according to a new review of studies.

                           “EMRs should not be manufactured, advertised or used for mosquito bite and malaria prevention, as they do not do so,” said lead author A. Ali Enayati, Ph.D., lecturer in medical entomology at the Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences in Sari, Iran.


                             The review appears in the latest issue of The Cochrane Library, a publication of The Cochrane Collaboration, an international organization that evaluates medical research. Systematic reviews draw evidence-based conclusions about medical practice after considering both the content and quality of existing medical trials on a topic.




                              The researcher analyzed 10 studies conducted in North America, Russia and Africa. All were field-based studies — occurring in a natural setting rather than a laboratory.
All studies “found that there was no difference in the number of mosquitoes that landed on the bare body parts of the human subjects with or without an EMR,” Enayati said. “Hence, these devices do not work in repelling mosquitoes. As EMRs do not repel mosquitoes, they would not prevent malaria.”

 
                               Malaria, which kills more than a million persons every year, is most deadly among children and is particularly prevalent in sub-Saharan Africa. It is transmitted by female Anopheles mosquitoes infected with the malaria parasite. No vaccine against malaria is available.


   
For more info             http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2007/04/070417194230.htm           

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