Mad Of Science

What is the best way to keep from spreading the virus through coughing or sneezing?

If you are sick limit your contact with other people as much as possible.Do not go to work stay at home or in your hotel room.Cover your mouth and nose with a mask when coughing or sneezing.It may prevent those around you from getting sick.Put your used tissue in the waste basket.If you do not have a mask cover your cough or sneeze whenever you cough or sneeze.Then clean your hands every time you cough or sneeze.

For what purposes can antiviral drugs be used against influenza A(H1N1)?

So far most people who have contracted the new A (H1N1) virus have experienced influenza-like symptoms (such as sore throat, cough, runny nose, fever, malaise, headache, joint/muscle pain) and recovered without antiviral treatment. Antiviral drugs may reduce the symptoms and duration of illness, just as they do for seasonal influenza. They also may contribute to preventing severe disease and death. Influenza A (H1N1) is a new virus and only a small number of people with the infection have been treated for it with antiviral drugs. WHO is in touch with public health authorities and clinicians in affected countries and is gathering information about how effective the drugs are.

Is there a human vaccine to protect from Swine Influenza ?

There are no vaccines that contain the current swine influenza virus causing illness in humans.It is not known whether current human seasonal influenza vaccines can provide any protection.Influenza virus changes very quickly.This is why WHO needs access to as many viruses as possible in order to select the most appropriate candidate vaccine virus.

To which antiviral drugs does this influenza virus respond?

There are two classes of antiviral drugs for influenza: inhibitors of neuraminidase such as oseltamivir and zanamivir; and adamantanes, such as amantadine and rimantadine. Tests on viruses obtained from patients in Mexico and the United States have indicated that current new H1N1 viruses are sensitive to neuraminidase inhibitors, but that the viruses are resistant to the other class, the adamantanes. Could the virus become resistant to oseltamivir and zanamivir? Resistance can develop to antiviral drugs used for influenza. Therefore, WHO and its partners are monitoring antiviral drug resistance.

Under what circumstances should antiviral drugs be administered?

Antiviral drugs are to be used according to national pandemic influenza preparedness plans. Public health authorities in some countries have decided to treat patients likely to have this disease as a part of public health measures. Where antiviral drugs are available for treatment, clinicians should make decisions based on assessment of the individual patient's risk. Risks versus benefits should also be evaluated on a case by case basis.

Should I take an antiviral now just in case I catch the new virus?

No. You should only take an antiviral, such as oseltamivir or zanamivir, if your health care provider advises you to do so. Individuals should not buy medicines to prevent or fight this new influenza without a prescription, and they should exercise caution in buying antivirals over the internet.

What is WHO doing about getting antiviral drugs to countries as preparation for a pandemic?

WHO’s first priority is to provide an emergency stock of antiviral drugs to countries that have no or insufficient stock of the drugs and lack the capacity to procure these drugs themselves. WHO is also working with Member States, donors and other groups that have stockpiles and are willing to share these with WHO for distribution to countries in need.

Which drug will be provided, and how much of it does WHO have available?

WHO had a global stockpile of approximately 5 million adult treatment courses of oseltamivir. Part of this stockpile has already been distributed through the WHO Regional Offices, which are handling allocation and distribution. WHO is currently distributing the remaining 3 million adult treatment courses of this stockpile to developing countries in need. WHO continues to assess needs and to work with manufacturers to secure more donations of antivirals. More antiviral drugs will be distributed once these donations are received.

WHAT IS SWINE FLU?

Swine Influenza ( swine flu) is a respiratory disease of pigs caused by type A influenza viruses (H1N1 subtype) that causes regular outbreaks in pigs. People do not normally get swine flu ,but human infections can and do happen.

Swine flu viruses have been reported to spread from person to person, but in the past ,this transmission was limited and not sustained beyond three people.

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS

The symptoms of swine flu in people are similar to the symptoms of regular human flu and include

1. Fever
2. Sore throat
3. Cough
4. Body ache
5. Head ache
6. Fatigue
7. Chills
   

• Fast breathing or trouble in breathing
• Bluish skin color
• Not drinking enough fluids
• Not waking up or not interacting
• Being so irritable that child does not want to be held
• Flu-like symptoms improve but then return with fever and worse cough
• Fever with a rash
  

• Difficulty breathing or shortness of breath
• Pain or pressure in the chest or abdomen
• Sudden dizziness
• Confusion
• Severe or persistent vomiting